Aplicação e validação de um simulador estocástico de variáveis climáticas. O caso da precipitação

A carência de informação meteorológica é uma realidade comum a todas as regiões de Portugal. Muitos são os estudos que estão condicionados a esta lacuna o que conduz, mormente, à realização de estudos e projectos revestidos de incertezas e, talvez, à inibição de certas intervenções no âmbito da Hidrologia e Hidráulica. Neste trabalho descrevem-se a metodologia e os dados necessários para o ajustamento e aplicação do gerador climático CLIGEN no Sul de Portugal (VALE FORMOSO). Avalia-se a performance do CLIGEN na simulação da precipitação diária e mensal. A importância do conceito da normal climatológica é outro aspecto evidenciado no âmbito deste trabalho. Apresentase a análise de sensibilidade do modelo aos diferentes parâmetros de entrada – considerando três períodos distintos de registos de dados climáticos (10, 20 e 30 anos). O CLIGEN gera parâmetros climáticos indispensáveis para a aplicação de vários modelos hidrossedimentológicos dentre os quais se destacam o WEPP (Water Erosion Prediction Project), EPIC (Erosion/ Produtivity Impact Calculator), SWRRB (Simulator for Water Resources in Rural Basins), AGNPS (Agricultural Nonpoint Source Pollution Model) e CREAMS (Chemicals, Runoff, and Erosion from Agricultural Management System). Este estudo permitiu concluir que o modelo reproduz de modo significativo o padrão da precipitação e também evidencia que a extensão da série de precipitação considerada exerce considerável influência nos resultados

Cambios, (des)igualdades y día a día del profesional de la abogacía

La raigambre y el peso de la abogacía en la sociedad española confieren un interés especial al conocimiento sobre su estado actual y a los cambios observados en sus profesionales. El objetivo de esta nota de investigación es poner de manifiesto los indicadores de desprofesionalización y (des)igualdades de género en el ejercicio del derecho. Este propósito se concretó mediante entrevistas realizadas a una muestra de 562 profesionales ejercitantes (335 abogados y 227 abogadas). Específicamente, se describen y se valoran los perfiles demográfico (sexo, edad), personal (núcleo familiar y relaciones con la abogacía), de formación y ejercicio profesional (educación previa y licenciatura posterior, inicios en la profesión y ejercicio actual de la misma). Los análisis practicados constatan, en la generación más joven de abogadas y abogados, una mayoría de mujeres y una menor presencia de antecedentes familiares en el mundo del derecho. La desprofesionalización de la abogacía se pone de manifiesto en las diferencias entre jóvenes y no jóvenes con respecto a los inicios en el ejercicio de la profesión y su posición actual en el contexto del despacho profesional. Entre abogados y abogadas, se advierten (des)igualdades en la formación y el ejercicio actual de las ramas del derecho, así como en las horas trabajadas a lo largo de la semana. Los datos obtenidos sobre desprofesionalización y (des)igualdades pueden ser de utilidad en análisis futuros que consideren la incidencia de las nuevas formas de acceso a la profesión y, de llevarse a la práctica, los cambios en la obligatoriedad de la colegiación para ejercer el derecho

Valores asociados al tiempo de las mujeres dedicado a las actividades físico-deportivas

Un incremento del número de personas que hacen deporte y, entre éstas, el ligero aumento de las mujeres que incorporan la práctica deportiva, son algunos de los resultados que vienen destacando los estudios que analizan esta realidad (García Ferrando, 2006a). Esta tendencia se explica y se promueve argumentando los beneficios que tiene la actividad deportiva; sin embargo, los beneficios asociados al deporte no parecen corresponderse con el tímido incremento de los practicantes. Tanto para explicar el incremento de los hombres y las mujeres deportistas, como para reflexionar sobre la relativa influencia de los beneficios del deporte, parece conveniente situar la práctica y los motivos de la práctica deportiva dentro del contexto sociocultural; un contexto que presenta la particularidad de haber cambiado en las últimas décadas y de estar incorporando progresivamente ciertos valores de la postmodernidad. En este sentido, en un estudio llevado a término con 636 mujeres de ocho Comunidades Autónomas (Asturias, Baleares, Cataluña, Comunidad Valenciana, Madrid, Navarra, La Rioja y País Vasco), a través de un cuestionario en línea, son significativas las respuestas obtenidas en relación con las razones que más les impulsaron a iniciarse en la práctica de deportes y las relacionadas con aquéllo que valoran más positivamente de la práctica deportiva. Concretamente, los resultados obtenidos aportan nuevos conocimientos al analizarse desde las teorías de los valores sociales de Inglehart (1991) y desde una teoría específica del tiempo libre y próxima, en algunas cuestiones, con la de Inglehart: la teoría del autocondicionamiento (self-management; Codina, 1986, 2007; Munné, 1980; Munné y Codina, 2002)

Collective and Individual Sources of Women's Creativity: Heroism and Psychological Types Involved in Enhancing the Talent of Emerging Leaders

In heroism, leadership research has a myth that provides the basis for a deeper exploration of the characteristics of the unconscious (collective, personal) and consciousness of leaders¿ characteristics that can mobilize their followers. This contribution goes on to show that heroism can provide a foundation that foments the creativity of women leaders¿from a sustainable standpoint¿with the purpose of jointly analyzing aspects of the collective unconscious (heroism), the personal unconscious (psychological typology), and consciousness (self-descriptions, values) in a sample of women emerging as leaders. The participants in the study were 34 students following a Master's program oriented towards training future CEOs as leaders, aged between 22 and 38 years old (M = 27.22 years old; SD = 3.77). The instruments consisted of a story that each participant wrote about herself as the main heroine; the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI); the Twenty-Statement Test (TST); and a questionnaire on personal values. The main results show the common structure of the stories of personal heroism, as well as the characteristics (unconscious, conscious, personal, and collective) that can serve to foster the sustainable use of personal creativity. The research carried out provides knowledge that may be integrated into other perspectives of leadership analysis

Identification of dynamic parameters in vehicle suspension systems

Resumen En el presente trabajo se aborda la identificación de parámetros dinámicos en vehículos automóviles. Paso previo al desarrollo del problema de identificación, se desarrolla un modelo dinámico para la suspensión delantera de un vehículo de competición. El modelo dinámico se reduce mediante dos metodologías diferentes. La primera se basa en la Descomposición en Valores Singulares y la segunda por dos pasos consecutivos: eliminación de parámetros dinámicamente poco contributivos y Descomposición en Valores Singulares. Finalmente, ambos modelos son analizados y validados mediante el cruce de datos para otras trayectorias diferentes a las de identificación. El modelo obtenido utilizando la eliminación de parámetros poco contributivos reproduce de muy buena manera el comportamiento dinámico del sistema ante la inclusión de errores, por lo que dicha metodología se presenta como la más viable para la obtención del conjunto de parámetros base. Abstract This work presents the identification of dynamic parameters in automotive vehicles. In order to develop the identification problem, a dynamic model is obtained for the front suspension of a race car. Two new dynamic models are developed, the first of which is based on the Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), while the second comprises two consecutive steps: elimination of less contributive parameters and application of a SVD method. Finally, both models are analyzed and validated by means of data cross-referencing for new trajectories other than those used during the identification process. The model obtained using the elimination reproduces the dynamic behavior with very good approximation even with the inclusion of errors, so it is presented as the most viable methodology for obtaining base parameters

Being Conscious of One's Own Heroism: An Empirical Approach to Analyzing the Leadership Potential of Future CEOs

From the disciplinary field of the science of heroism, there is a need to deepen the processes that this science comprises and, at the same time, to test methods of inquiry to account for the variety of processes associated with this science. Linked to this sensitivity, the objective of this contribution is to jointly analyze, in a sample of future CEOs, what they imagine about heroism, their psychological types, and their values orientation. The sample consisted of 45 students (21 men and 24 women) between 22 and 47 years old (M = 26.69, SD = 4.47), who were part of a master's program oriented toward training future CEOs to be leaders. The analytical instruments were the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), a story that each participant developed about him/herself as the main hero or heroine, and a questionnaire on personal values. In the psychological types observed, the functions of thinking and sensing predominated, with intuition and feeling residing at a lower level of consciousness. With regard to the stories, the majority of the sample offered tales in which the hero/heroine was confronted with a mystery to solve (or mission to fulfil), faced difficulties, and, finally, achieved harmony between the personal and the collective. Regarding the values, significant associations are observed between the gender, the characteristics of the psychological types, and the content of the story about their own hero / heroine. In sum, the research carried out offers an empirical approach to the study of the subjective elements of heroism, combining quantitative and qualitative aspects in an educational setting, and broadening the perspectives on the science of heroism

How to analyse the experience of serious leisure onstage: actors and spectators

The practice of serious leisure engenders a deep sense of self-fulfilment, observable in artistic activities in general - and in theatre in particular. In relation to theatre, the serious leisure perspective suggests that this activity has an influence on the self, whether the individual is playing the role of actor or active spectator, but few studies have analysed the impact. Given the scarcity of empirical evidence and methodological references, in this paper we propose a qualitative methodological procedure to analyse the relations between theatre as serious leisure and the self. This procedure, besides showing the influence of theatre as serious leisure on actors and spectators, permits the assessment of intervention programmes

Cultural identity and diversity management in education Immigrant children in portuguese school

A imigração, nas suas distintas dimensões de direitos, deveres, e responsabilidades transformou-se actualmente num desafio importante e estimulante para o sistema educativo de países democráticos e pluralistas, tal como é o caso de Portugal. Há que reconhecer que estamos a defrontar com interessantes e novos desafios de sustentabilidade social, baseada numa nova ordem de valores, tendo por pano de fundo uma sociedade que sofre uma vertiginosa mutação. Atualmente, esta é uma consolidação de imigrantes em muitos países europeus, como Portugal. Os imigrantes de segunda geração estão enchendo as salas de aula e de muitos que pretendem continuar seus estudos após a escolaridade obrigatória. Em nosso artigo apresentamos uma análise aprofundada da situação nas escolas portuguesas. É hoje consensual, entre os investigadores que se interessam pelas questões da educação, como mostramos neste documento resultado de uma pesquisa intensiva, o importante papel que a escola representa na construção do projecto de vida de todas as crianças e jovens nas sociedades contemporâneas.Immigration, in its different dimensions of rights, duties, and responsibilities now become a major and exciting challenge for the education system of pluralistic and democratic countries, as is the case of Portugal. It is clear that we are faced with new challenges and interesting social sustainability, based on a new order of values, with the backdrop of a society that suffers a precipitous change. Currently this is a consolidation of immigrants in many European countries, such as Portugal. The second-generation immigrants are filling the classrooms and many who intend to continue their studies after compulsory education. In our article we provide a deep analysis of the situation in Portuguese schools. It is now consensus among researchers who are interested in issues of education, as we show in this document result of intensive research, the important role that school plays in the construction of the project life of all children and young people in contemporary societies